SECRET

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9. At the time of Subject's birth, Subject's father was employed in the Brooklyn shipyards. However, he changed jobs frequently and was subsequently employed on a farm near New Brunswick, then in a shoe factory as a cutter, then as a butcher, and finally became active in a Jewish cooperative organization. In Subject's father became convinced that the future of the Jews was in Russia under Soviet Communism. In 1931 Subject's family left the USA for the USSR for Hirshonhime where Subject's father worked as an agronomist (he had sometime prior thereto graduated from the National Farm School in Bucks County, Pennsylvania).

10. According to Subject, his family returned to the USA in 1933; the motivating reason therefor was the ill health of Subject's mother and sister. Subject alleges that, because they had retained their US citizenship, they experienced no problem either in leaving the USSR or in obtaining permission to return to the USA. However, Subject's father allegedly did not like life in the USA; however, Subject's mother and sister insisted that they return to the USSR after only a brief stay in the USA.

11. As a result, later in 1933 the entire AMBER family once again returned to the USSR. Again, Subject states that they had no problems in obtaining authorization from the Soviet government for this trip to the USSR. Upon their return to the USSR, they established themselves in Moscow where one Komal KNOCH, a friend of the family and a construction engineer, took Subject's father into his employ. Subject's father worked in this capacity, in the construction industry, from 1933 to 1936. Sometime after the 1936 purges began, Subject's father worked for Komosomol, a Moscow "youth and construction" outfit. In 1936 Subject's father also worked for the Paris Commune as a shoemaker. Subject's mother worked during this entire period as either a clerk or an establishment in the School of Foreign Languages in Moscow.

12. Subject began his elementary education at the DeWitt Clinton School in the US where he studied until 1931; he then studied at the Soviet secondary school in Dnepropetrovsk, Hirshonhime, until 1933. In 1933 he again returned for some months to the DeWitt Clinton School. Later in 1933 and 1934 he attended the Anglo-American School where he completed his 8th grade of public school. He continued his studies from 1933 to 1936 in Public School #27 in the 24th Baumana Rayon. In 1936 he entered the Moscow Automechanical Institute where he studied in the civil engineering faculty, to train as a highway engineer. He graduated in 1941 at which time he was sent to assist SECRET.